劳动把“鬼”变成“人”——论延安文学中的二流子形象塑造

“Ghost”Turning into“People”for Labor——On the Image Creation of the Loafers in Yan'an Literature

二流子作为边缘群体在中国社会由来已久,从五四时期开始便受到个别作家的关注,到了延安时期开始广泛进入文学创作者的视野。延安文学中的二流子形象塑造呈现出一定的类型化、模式化的倾向,但也有个别作品触及了二流子的心灵深处,从社会及人性的多元视角揭示了二流子的命运遭际。在大生产运动、二流子改造运动全面展开的社会背景下,劳动成为延安文学中二流子形象转变的重要因素,这昭示了劳动对人的重要规训作用,同时强化了延安时期的政治意识形态宣传,也影响了"劳动光荣"的新道德新风尚的建构。

As a marginal group,the loafers have a long history in Chinese society. By the time of Yan＇an Period,they had extensively come into the horizon of literature creators. Though the image creation of the loafers in Yan＇an Literature showed a tendency of being a little stylized and modelized,some individual works touched the soul of them,which revealed their fates from multi-perspectives of society and human nature. As the great production campaign and the Remolding Movement of the loafers were completely lauched in the whole society,labor became an important factor in the image transformation of the loafers. This declared publicly the discipline function of labor,at the same time strengthened the propaganda of the political ideology and also affected the construction of the new moral fashion ＂Labor is glorious＂.