发达国家进口需求结构变化及其对中国供给侧改革的启示

On the Structural Change of Import Demand in Developed Countries and Its Implications for China's Supply Side Reform

发达国家进口市场是中国传统市场,其进口结构在国际金融危机后进行了较大调整,对目前中国供给侧改革具体有一定指导意义。通过对发达国家进口需求结构变动的考察,发现发达国家进口需求排序从大到小依次为资本、资源型、技术型和劳动型产品;而且资源型和技术型产品进口份额上升快。而中国对发达国家出口与此变化态势不完全一致,需要对中国供给侧及其出口结构进行调整,保持对发达国家出口的资本型产品份额,扩大技术型产品出口份额,推进劳动密集型产业的产能转移,加强与资源出口国家的资源型产业合作。

Chinese traditional market mainly imported from developed countries. The import structure has been widely adjusted after the international financial crisis and it holds certain guiding significance to the supply side reform in current China. After reviewing the structure change of import demand in developed countries, we found that the order of import demand from big to small in turn in developed countries are capital-intensive, resources-intensive, technology-intensive and labor- intensive products. The largest rising share is resource- and technology-intensive product imports. While the changing trend is different from Chi- nese exports to developed countries, it needs adjusting the supply side of China and its export structure, keeping the share capital type products of exports to developed countries, expanding share of technology products export, promoting the productivity transfer of labor-intensive industries and strengthening coopera- tion with resource exporters of resources industry.