死亡教育对晚期癌症患者死亡观的影响

The Effect of Death Education on the Concept of Death in Patients with Advanced Cancer

目的:探讨死亡教育对晚期癌症患者死亡观的影响,以减轻患者对死亡的恐惧,帮助临终患者安详、舒适、有尊严而无遗憾地走到生命的终点,以促进临终关怀事业的进一步发展。方法:收集病理组织学确诊的Ⅲ、Ⅳ期癌症患者130例作为研究对象,分为对照组和干预组,各65例。在常规诊疗的基础上,对照组采用常规健康指导,干预组增加临终关怀及死亡教育的内容。结果:干预组选择"老年时死亡"(26.15%)明显高于对照组(7.69%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组选择"不应维持植物人"占23.08%,明显高于对照组的7.69%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。想到死亡时的感觉,干预组和对照组出现劣性感觉者分别占36.92%、49.23%,两组患者都存在着对死亡的恐惧和回避心理。结论:把死亡教育贯穿于健康教育中,在一定程度上增加了患者对死亡的心理承受能力,有助于减轻患者对死亡的焦虑、恐惧等负性情绪,从而提高生存质量。

Objective：To investigate the effect of death education on the concept of death in patients with advanced cancer,to alleviate the fear of death,help the dying patients calm, comfortable,with dignity and without regret to come to the end of life,to promote the further development of hospitalpice.Method：Pathological diagnosis of 130 patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ cancer were recruited and divided into control and intervention group,65 cases in each group.Basing on the routine diagnosis and treatment,routine health guidance was used in the control group patients,and additional hospice care and death education were used in the intervention group. Result：In the intervention group,the choice of death time in elderly was 26.15%,which was significantly higher than 7.69% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The intervention group selection ＂should not maintain vegetative＂ accounted for 23.08%,significantly higher than 7.69% in control group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The intervention group and control group patients who realized a bad feeling when thought about death were 36.92% and 49.23%,respectively,what’s more,both of two groups of patients had a fear and a psychological escape of death.Conclusion：The death education through health education,to a certain extent,increased the psychological capacity of patients to death,help to alleviate the anxiety of death,fear and other negative emotions,so as to improve the quality of life.