2012—2015年钦州市钦南区乡镇中学生超重和肥胖流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of overweight and obesity among middle school students living in villages and towns in Qinnan district of Qinzhou during 2012-2015

目的:了解钦州市钦南区乡镇中学生超重和肥胖流行趋势和特征,为制定预防儿童青少年超重和肥胖策略提供依据。方法:采用横断面调查的方法,收集钦州市钦南区2012-2015年全部乡镇中学全体学生健康体检资料,对超重和肥胖的学生资料进行统计分析。结果:2012-2015年钦州市钦南区乡镇中学生超重率1.06%,肥胖率为1.70%,两者均呈缓慢上升趋势;年级之间超重率差异无统计学意义(P=0.130);男生超重率(0.75%)低于女生(1.41%),两者差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。年级之间肥胖率差异无统计学意义(P=0.147);男生肥胖率(1.72%)与女生(1.66%)差异无统计学意义(P=0.146)。结论:钦州市钦南区乡镇中学生超重率和肥胖率远低于全国及同类地区同时期的水平,但呈缓慢上升趋势,加强膳食健康教育,促进学生合理饮食、增强体育锻炼,是预防控制中学生超重和肥胖的重要措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of overweight and obesity among middle school students living in villages and towns in Qinnan district of Qinzhou and to provide preventive strategies for controlling overweight and obesity of children and adolescents.Methods Cross-sectional study was used in our study.We collected the student physical examination data of all schools in villages and towns during 2010 to 2015,and analyzed the epidemic characteristics of overweight and obesity of students.Results The overweight rate and obesity rate,respectively,were 1.06% and1.70%.Both overweight and obesity rates increased slowly from 2012 to 2015.We found that overweight rates were not different among grades（P=0.130）.Boys＇ overweight rate（0.75%）was lower than girls＇（1.41%）,and the difference between them was significant（P=0.001）.We did not find any statistical differences in obesity rate either among grades（P=0.147）or between boys and girls（P=0.146）.Conclusions In Qinnan district,the overweight rate and obesity rate among the middle school students living in villages and towns were far below the rates of nationwide and similar areas at the same time,nevertheless,both rates increased slowly.Developing dietary health education,promoting balanced diet and strengthening physical exercises were the important measures which may prevent the overweight and obesity.