现代主义视野下的哈代悲剧小说

Hardy's Tragic Novels in the Perspective of Modernism

哈代悲剧小说虽然创作于19世纪,但在思想特征方面与20世纪现代主义文学有着诸多契合之处,具有浓郁的现代性。哈代悲剧小说的现代主义特征主要体现在哈代着力表现主人公与社会对立,与自然脱节,与人难以沟通,与自我相冲突的痛苦经历和最终丧失自我的悲剧结局。哈代悲剧小说不同于现实主义文学,因为现实主义文学大多注重反映社会现实,表现广阔的社会图景,很少描写社会对人性的压抑以及人的自我的丧失。

Though written in the 19th-century,Hardy＇s tragic novels,with their distinctive traits of modernity,bear strong affinities in ideology with 20th-century modernist literature. The modernity lies mainly in that Hardy takes great pains to present the psychic aches and tragic deaths of the protagonists in their futile efforts to avoid their conflicts with society,nature,other people and their inner selves. In this connection,Hardy＇ s tragic novels differ from the realistic literature,which,in general,attaches great importance to the display of the panoramic picture of society with a view to reflecting social realities,thus seldom depicting the oppression of society upon individuals and the loss of human self.