135例小儿手足口病发病影响因素的调查分析

Investigation of Morbidity Influence Factors of 135 Cases of Children with Hand-foot-and-mouth Disease

目的分析小儿手足口病发病影响因素,为小儿手足口病的预防提供一些依据。方法选取该院2015年1月—2016年5月收治的小儿手足口病患者135例的临床资料进行回顾分析,将其设定为实验组,同时选取同期的健康儿童135例进行对照,将其设定为对照组。通过调查问卷收集资料,对比分析两组儿童近期生活中的差异,分析小儿手足口病发病的影响因素,并以此制定相应的预防对策,以降低小儿手足口病的发病率。结果实验组患儿的家族史、饭前和便后不洗手、接触手足口病患者、近期到过人口比较密集地区、皮疹病史、流动人口、年龄在3岁以内以及非母乳喂养等方面的人数明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。因此,卫生习惯、与感染患者接触、流动人口、到过人口比较密集地区、皮疹病史和母乳喂养等因素是小儿手足口病发病的影响因素。结论小儿手足口病的影响因素较多,预防应从多个角度共同实施,尽量减少儿童到人口密集场所的几率,养成良好的卫生习惯,加强对儿童的管理,减少与被感染患者的接触,以降低手足口病的发病率。

Objective To analyze the morbidity influence factors of hand-foot-and-mouth disease and provide some basis for the prevention of children with hand-foot-and-mouth disease. Methods 135 cases of children with hand-foot-and-mouth disease admitted and treated in our hospital from January 2015 to May 2016 were selected as the experimental group,and 135 cases of healthy children at the same period were selected as the control group, and the short-term life differences of the two groups were compared and analyzed by questionnaires and direct questions, and the influence factors of hand-foot-and-mouth disease were analyzed, and the corresponding preventive strategies were made to reduce the incidence rate of children with hand-foot-and-mouth disease. Results The case number of family history, no washing hands before meals and after toilet, exposure to patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease, going to the dense-population area in short term,skin rash history, floating population, less than 3 years old and no breast fed in the experimental group were obviously higher than those in the control group, and the differences had statistical significance, P0.05, therefore, the influence factors of children with hand-foot-and-mouth disease were health habits, exposure to infectious persons, floating population, going to the dense-population area, skin rash history and breast fed. Conclusion The influence factors of children with hand-footand-mouth disease are multiple, and we should try to avoid the children to go to the dense-population area, make children develop a good health habits, enhance the management of children and reduce the exposure to the infectious persons to reduce the morbidity rate of hand-foot-and-mouth disease.