重庆市巴南区村卫生室医疗废弃物管理现状及对策

Management Status and Strategies of Medical Waste of Village Clinic in Banan District in Chongqing

目的了解村卫生室医疗废弃物管理的现状,促进村卫生室规范管理。方法查阅2012—2015年巴南区涉及村卫生室的行政处罚案卷以及开展对89家村卫生室医疗废弃物管理处置专项检查,并对检查结果做分析统计。结果2012—2015年村卫生室涉及医疗废弃物问题的行政处罚占比最高。专项检查合格率最高的是组织制度90.48%,最低的是个人防护16.67%,分类收集、登记、暂存、转运、处置合格率分别为41.67%、34.52%、20.90%、22.62%、19.05%。结论由于政府投入补贴不够,制度设计不灵活、不合理,无地方配套法规和规定,个别乡村医生年龄偏大、学历水平低,对医疗废弃物管理处置知识和技术要求不熟悉以及不愿意投入等致医疗废物管理处置存在诸多不规范行为;应加大属地管理和投入力度,制定地方配套法律法规,强化综合监督执法,提高集中处置率,提升培训效果,促进村医年轻化、知识化、严格医疗废弃物分类收集。

Objective To know the status of medical waste management of village clinic and promote the standardized management of village clinic. Methods Administrative punishment cases involving in the village clinic in Banan district from2012 to 2015 were searched, and the medical waste management disposal of 89 village clinics was given the specific examination, and the examination results were analyzed and counted. Results The ratio of medical waste issues in the administrative punishment from 2012 to 2015 was the highest, and the highest qualified rate of specific examination was the organizational system（90.48%）, and the lowest qualified rate was personnel protection（16.67%）, and the qualified rates of separate collection, registration, temporary storage, transport and handling were respectively 41.67%,34.52%,20.90%,22.62%,19.05%.Conclusion There are many unstandardized behaviors due to the inadequate governmental investment, inflexible and unreasonable system design, no local auxiliary law and regulation, older age of certain rural doctors, low academic level, unfamiliar with the medical waste management disposal knowledge and technical requirements and unwilling to invest, and we should intensify the apanage management and investment force, make the local auxiliary law and regulation, intensify the overall supervision, improve the centralized disposal rate, improve the training effect, make the rural doctors younger and more knowledgeable and strictly collect the medical waste.