明孤抄本《辨音纂要》正读语音系统

The Main Pronunciation System in Bian Yin Zuan Yao,the Sole Handwritten Copy of Ming Dynasty

明代孤抄本韵书《辨音纂要》共收录7909条韵字,是多重音系叠加性质的韵书,理清《辨音纂要》正读的语音系统对研究这部孤抄本韵书的性质至关重要。其正读以《广韵》为基本音切,我们从声母、韵母、声调对《辨音纂要》正读的语音系统进行细致梳理,考察出《辨音纂要》正读的声母为29个;韵母16摄合为24韵部;声调系统为平上去入四声格局,平声不分阴阳,入声三尾井然,浊上开始变为去声,得出《辨音纂要》正读的实际语音系统记录的是明代的吴方言语音。

Bian Yin Zuan Yao,the sole handwritten copy of Ming Dynasty contains a total of 7909 rhyme,which is a rhyming dictionary of multi-additive nature of phonology.Sorting out the main pronunciation system in Bian Yin Zuan Yao is crucial to study the nature of this sole handwritten copy.Its main pronunciation is based on Guang Rhyme.Through study to initial consonants,vowels,and intonation of phonetic system in Bian Yin Zuan Yao,we know there are 29 initial consonants;24rhyme categories;intonation system includes Ping,Shang,Qu and Ru.Ping Intonation does not differentiate Yin and Yang,and Ru intonation has 3tails,Shang intonation in voiced sound is changed into Qu intonation.It comes to the conclusion that the main pronunciation system of Bian Yin Zuan Yao recorded Wu-Dialectical phonetic in Ming Dynasty.