蒋介石与1934年浙江旱灾冬赈

Chiang Kai-shek and the Winter Relief to Drought in Zhejiang,1934

1934年浙江省发生严重旱灾,省政府决议以2 000万地方公债中的100万办理冬赈,然而蒋介石却以电令禁止散发实物形式的冬赈,认为冬赈是"无实益之事",他要求浙江省政府将赈灾款用于受救济者承担一定劳务的工赈。浙江省多次表达意见,均为蒋介石所无视。此事直到1935年初浙江省政府改组,以拨款25万用于冬赈结束。透过此一事件,既可见蒋在赈济决策中的强大影响力,也可了解蒋对于灾后救济的基本想法。

The year of 1934 witnessed a severe drought in Zhejiang Province. The provincial government was resolved to appropriate 1 million yuan from 20 million provincial debt for the winter relief. However,Chiang Kai-shek,who thought of winter relief as unfruitful work,ordered a ban on the relief by distributing food and clothes. Meanwhile,He demanded Zhejiang provincial government spend money on the welfare-to-work program. The provincial government made repeated but vain appeals to Chiang for winter relief. Petitions didn't end until Zhejiang provincial government reorganized and received 250 thousand yuan for winter relief in the early 1935. The incident makes clear two points to us: Chiang's power in the local relief affairs was immense,and this was a gateway to understand Chiang's basic ideas about disaster relief.