政府购买服务发展的障碍——一个“嵌入”视角的分析

Barriers to Development of Service Procurement:An analysis from the perspective of“embeddedness”

政府购买服务的发展,本质上是国家与社会关系的再调整。国家与社会关系在政府购买服务的"嵌入"中发生了不同于传统意义的深刻变迁,可归纳为政府主导的庇护关系、社会组织选择的代理关系和契约规制的合作关系。国家与社会关系的走向表明,社会逐渐从受支配地被动"嵌入"国家转为有意愿地主动"嵌入"国家。这种发展变化过程,使政府购买服务在重塑国家与社会关系框架的同时,也受到了来自现存的社会结构与制度环境的反作用。政府的信任程度和资源配置的结构性因素,购买服务的法规政策和社会组织承接服务的制度性因素阻碍了政府购买服务的深入发展。只有正确认识这些障碍,才能从根本上加快政府职能转变,促进政府购买服务的实践,才能实现政社良性互动,从而推动中国跨越式治理体系的完善。

The development of service procurement is,in essence,the re-adjustment of the relationship between the state and society,which,in the embedded service procurement,is different from the traditional sense,being summarized as government-dominated asylum relationship,NGO-opted agency relationship and contract-regulated partnership.The trend of the relationship between the state and society indicates that the society has been gradually shifting it role from the＂embedded＂passive state to the＂embedded＂active state.This process makes service procurement remodel the framework of state and society,but is also subjected to the reaction from the existing social structure and institutional environment.The government＇s trust level and allocation of resources as structural factors,service procurement laws and policies,NGO to undertake service policies as institutional factors,have hindered the development of the service procurement.Only understanding of these barriers can it speed up the transformation of government functions and promote service procurement practice to achieve political and social positive interaction and hence to promote governance system in China.