基于51单片机的高精度太阳跟踪系统的研制

Development of High-Precision Solar Tracking System Based on 51 Microcontroller

在传统的太阳跟踪系统设计中,主要采用光电跟踪与视日跟踪方法.设计了一种基于CMOS摄像头的高精度太阳自动跟踪仪,上位机通过NI公司的虚拟仪器开发平台Labview来设计跟踪软件,通过相关算法计算出太阳实时的方位角和仰角,进而转化成电机运行所需的脉冲,通过RS232传输到51单片机,由单片机来控制电机转动到相应的角度,从而使太阳光斑始终处于摄像头的中心位置.该实验装置具有比商业太阳跟踪仪更高的跟踪精度,跟踪误差最小可以达到0.002°.

In conventional solar tracking system design, optical tracking method and visual tracking method were mainly used. A machine is designed to track the sun automatically based on a CMOS camera, and a virtual software developement is developed by NI company. The sun＇s azimuth and elevation are calculated through the relevant algorithm in real time, converted into the desired motor running pulses, and transmitted to 51 single-chip through the RS232. The motor rotation is controlled by the microcontroller to appropriate angle, so that the sun is always in the center of the spot position of the image. The experimental apparatus has a high tracking accuracy and good stability, the minimum tracking error can reach 0.002°.