天津港“8·12”特别重大火灾爆炸事故应急救援行动分析

Emergency response in the ＂8 · 12＂ tremendous devastating fire and explosion accident in Tianjin Binhai New Area

2015年8月12日22：51，位于天津港海滨新区的瑞海公司化学危险品仓库突然起火，约半小时接连发生了两次猛烈爆炸，直至第二天16：40现场明火才被扑灭。事故共造成165人遇难，798人受伤，304幢建筑物、12428辆汽车和7533个集装箱受损。共有16000人包括军人、武警、消防员以及防化、防疫、医疗及环保专家参与了应急救援。整个救援工作持续近一个月。调查发现这是一起生产安全责任事故，主要原因是由于企业管理混乱，应急救援指挥系统不完善。救援人员的应急防护知识欠缺等。目前，我国长效人才培养机制尚未建立，防化课程设置仅限于几所军队院校，公众应急知识亟待加强、应急物资储备仍然不足。以上问题应尽快解决。

At 22：51 on August 12, 1915 the hazardous chemicals warehouse of Ruihai Company, Tianjin Binhai New Area suddenly caught fire, and tremendous devastating explosion ocurred twice about half an hour later, The naked fire was put out at 16：40 the next day. The accident killed 165 persons and injured 798, and destroyed 304 buildings, 12428 vehicles, and 7533 containers. Altogether 16000 persons, including army men, armed policemen, fire-fighters and antichemincal, antiepidemic, medical, environment protection experts, et al. were thrown into the emergency rescue that lasted for nearly 1 months. Survey showed that this is a production safety responsibility accident. Lessons can be learned from this disaster. The main cause of this catastrophe is the messy enterprise management. Emergency rescue commanding system lacks in many places and departments. The problem to improving the emergency protection knowledge among the resuers is urgent to be saluted. Long acting talent training mechanism has＇nt been established in our country. Antichemical courses are only offered in very few military medical colleges. Popularization of emergency knowledge to the general public is to be strengthened. Emergency materials reserve is still insufficient. Above mentioned problems should be solved as soon as possible.