长时间航海对高血压船员血压影响及干预效果分析

Influence of long snavigation on shipmen with hypertension blood pressure and Study of blood pressure and nursing intervention efficacy on ship crews with hypertension during prolonged deployment at sea

目的监测远洋航渡期间高血压船员血压的变化并分析影响因素，进而给予相应的干预后，观察干预效果。方法监测远洋航渡期间高血压船员的血压变化，采用调查表的形式分析相关因素；进而给予规律用药、心理辅导、调节饮食结构、规范作息时间、养成良好的生活习惯等方面的护理干预治疗，观察效果。结果连续航海2月后入组人员血压[收缩压（144．6±7．6）mmHg，舒张压（89．7±10．4）mmHg]，较其在岸上血压[收缩压（27，5±7．5）mmHg，舒张压（2．4±5．6）mmHg]高，因素分析显示血压波动与规律用药、值更频度、规律作息、饮食结构、烟酒、茶咖啡相关，通过用药、心理、饮食、运动及健康宣教等综合护理干预，可有效控制血压升高（P〈0．05）[预前收缩压（44．6±7．6）mmHg，舒张压（9．7±10．4）mmHg；干预后收缩压（134．5±9．5）mmHg，舒张压（2．3±5．3）mmHg].结论通过系统性的护理干预，能够有效的控制血压，减轻症状，维护舰员的身心健康。

Object To monitor the blood pressure of ship crews with hypertension during a long navigation and analyze the concrete reasons. Then give them corresponding nursing intervention to observe＇ the efficacy on hypertension control.Method Tomonitor the blood pressure of ship crews with hypertension during a long navigation, using questionnaire to analyze correlation factors and then give them disciplinary medication, counseling, regulatingthe structure of diet, criterion daily regime and cultivating good habits. Result After 2 months continuous voyage the crews blood pressure raised obviously isystolie pressure 144.6±7.6, diastolic pressure 89.7±10.4）than onshore （systolic pressure 127.5±7.5, diastolic pressure 82.4±5.6）. Analyzing correlation factors show the wave of the blood pressure relate to medication, duty frequency, regime, structure of diet, cigarette and wine, coffee etc. Through systematic intervention hypertensioncan be controlled effectively （before intervention systolic pressure 144.6 ±7.6, diastolic pressure 89.7±10.4; after intervention systolic pressure 134.5±9.5, diastolic pressure 82.3±5.3）.Conclusion：Through systematic nursing intervention hypertension can be controlled effectively and corresponding symptoms should be alleviated, ensuring the physical and psychological health.