英国高校招生考试制度探析

Analysis of the College Admission and Examination System in UK

英国高校招生实行证书制,即拥有满足高校招生要求的证书,便可拥有高校学习的资格。英国针对高校招生有专门的考试机构、监督机构及统一的招生机构。影响英国高校招生的考试主要有GCSE、ALevel、AS-Level、AEA等。这些考试为适应不断变化与发展的英国教育的需要,不断推出改革措施。不同层次的英国高校录取标准不同。竞争型高校录取最严格,证书数量要求多且等级要求高,关注考生综合能力;选拔型高校证书数量要求少;开放型高校的证书数量要求更少且等级要求低。

British colleges or universities adopt a certificate system in student admission. That is to say, one is qualified to study in a college or university if he or she has certificates that meet its requirements. There are specialized examination agencies, supervisory agencies and an admission agency working for all colleges or universities across the country. The tests used for university entrance mainly include GCSE, A-Level, AS-Level,AEA and so on. To meet the requirements of ever-changing and developing education in UK, the relevant agencies are continuously rolling out reform measures for the tests. Universities on different levels use different admission criteria. Universities of the competitive type adopt the most stringent criteria, demanding the greatest number of and the most advanced certificates and placing emphasis on students＇ comprehensive ability. Universities of the selective type, however, demand a smaller number of certificates. And open universities demand the smallest number of and the least advanced certificates.