布尔迪厄的思想谱系——布尔迪厄生成结构理论探源

The Ideological Genealogy of Bourdieu:On the Eclecticism of Bourdieu's Genetic Structuralism

1950年代布尔迪厄进入学术空间时,要面对三个灯塔式的人物:存在主义大师萨特、科学哲学家康吉扬和结构主义巨擘列维—斯特劳斯。为了产生自己的话语,他倾听他们、与他们对话,又反驳他们、兼并他们的理论思想。本文将主要围绕布尔迪厄与萨特、列维—斯特劳斯之间的关系,厘清布尔迪厄的思想谱系,阐述他如何以折衷的方法,通过生成结构理论,努力超越理论与经验、行动与结构的对立。

In the 1950 s,when Bourdieu entered the academic space,he encountered three giants：Satre the existentialist,Canguilhem the philosopher of science and Lévi-Strauss the structuralist.In order to build his own discourse,Bourdieu listened to them,conversed with them,refuted them and integrated them.This paper tries to explicate the genealogy of his thoughts by tracing his relation to Sartre and Lévi-Strauss,and to explain how he transcended the opposition between theory and experience and action and structure by means of genetic structuralism.