某院2012～2014年老年住院患者铜绿假单胞菌感染特点与耐药性分析

Analysis on characteristics and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection among senile patients in a hospital during 2012-2014

目的分析老年住院患者铜绿假单胞菌感染特点及其耐药性,为加强非发酵菌感染防控提供科学依据。方法选取2012年1月至2014年12月该院通过病原微生物分离鉴定技术和药敏试验方法对老年住院患者送检的8 846份标本进行检测。结果 2012-2014年铜绿假单胞菌感染在老年患者中的检出率均保持在17.1%-19.3%,其中痰液和中段尿标本中分离菌株构成比位居前2位（分别占85.9%和4.0%）。临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物普遍耐药,对喹诺酮、阿米卡星等药物较敏感,且对这些药物的敏感性逐年有所恢复。2012-2014年多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌的检出率分别为49.1%、30.4%、23.2%,呈逐年下降趋势。结论进一步加强对铜绿假单胞菌在老年患者中的感染特征、临床分布、耐药性和流行病学特点的调查,可有效控制其临床感染。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in senile patients to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of non-fermentative bacterial infection. Methods Totally 8864 submitted specimens of senile inpatients in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were detected by the pathogenic microorganism isolation and identification technique and drug susceptibility test. Results The detection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection among hospitalized senile patients during 2012-2014 maintained 17%-19%,the constituent ratio of bacterial strains isolated from sputum and midstream urine specimens was the top two（accounting for 85.9% and 4.0% respectively）. The clinically isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa was generally resistant to commonly used antibacterial drugs and more sensitive to imipen-em and amikacin,moreover the sensitivity to these drugs was gradually recovered year by year. Meanwhile the detection rates of multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa during 2012-2014 were 49.1%,30.4% and 23.2% respectively,showing a decreasing trend year by year. Conclusion The survey on the infection characteristics,clinical distribution,drug resistance and epidemiological characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in senile patients should be further strengthened,thus to effectively control its clinical infection.