血清中过敏原IgE抗体在哮喘儿童中早期诊断及临床效果分析

Analysis on clinical effect of serum allergen IgE antibody in early diagnosis of asthmatic children

目的探讨血清中Ig E抗体在哮喘儿童的早期诊断和治疗中的临床效果。方法选取2014年7月至2016年6月该院收治的0-14岁哮喘儿童235例（哮喘组）及健康儿童261例（对照组）作为研究对象,检测两组研究对象的14项过敏原免疫球蛋白E（Ig E）,包括食入物7项（鸡蛋、牛奶、海鱼、海鲜、牛/羊肉、水果和坚果食品）及吸入物7项（总Ig E、尘螨、屋尘、树类花粉、草类花粉、霉菌等和动物毛皮屑）。结果在14项过敏原Ig E检测结果中,哮喘组阳性率（89.36%）普遍高于对照组（23.37%）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;在0-3、〉3-6、〉6-14岁3个年龄段及总体的检测结果显示,哮喘组的食入物和吸入物阳性率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;哮喘组的阳性种数在2、3、〉4种三组均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论哮喘儿童的过敏原Ig E阳性率高,且以2种及以上项目合并过敏为主,其过敏原在3岁以下以食入物为主,3-14岁以吸入为主,通过检测血清特异性Ig E对儿童哮喘的诊治具有重要的指导意义。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of serum IgE antibody in the early diagnosis and treatment of asthmatic children. Methods Two hundreds and thirty-five asthmatic children aged 0-14 years old （asthma group） and 261 healthy children （control group） in our hospital from July 2014 to June 2016 were selected as the research subjects and 14 items of allergen IgE in these two groups were simultaneously detected, including 7 items of ingestant （egg, milk, sea fish, seafood, beef/ mutton, fruit and nut food） and 7 items of inhalation （total IgE, dust mite, house dust, tree pollen, weed pollen, mold and animal dander）. Results In 14 items of allergen IgE test results,the positive rate of the asthma group was generally higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant （89.36% vs. 23.37% ,P〈0.05 ） ;The detection results in the groups of 0-3 years old, 〉3-6 years old and 〉6-14 years old and total detection results showed that the positive rate of ingestant and inhala tion in the asthma group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05） ; the positive kinds number in the 2,3, 〉4 kinds subgroups of the asthma group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion The positive rate of allergen IgE in asthmatic children is higher,which is mainly combined allergy with more than 2 kinds of item,the allergens are mainly ingestants in less than 3-14 years old and inhalations in more than 3 years old. Detecting serum specific IgE has an important guiding significance for the di- agnosis and treatment of child asthma.