气虚血瘀型Corti器毛细胞损伤动物模型的建立

Establishing hair cell damage model in the animal Corti organ with Qi deficiency and blood stasis

背景:随着中医药对耳鸣耳聋的疗效越来越受到重视,但对其机制尚缺乏系统深入的研究,利用动物模型进行中医药治疗耳鸣耳聋的机制探索是非常有意义的研究方向。目的:建立一种气虚血瘀证型的Corti器毛细胞损伤动物(豚鼠)模型并评价其效果。方法:12只成年豚鼠按随机数字表法分为正常对照组和造模组。造模组首先采用改良耗气破气加饥饱失常法处理15 d进行气虚造模,之后以光化学反应法复制血瘀Corti器毛细胞损伤模型;正常对照组不干预。造模后检测两组豚鼠血清的D-木糖浓度,行耳声发射DPOAE测试,并观察光镜下耳蜗组织形态。结果与结论:(1)与正常对照组相比,造模组血清D-木糖浓度较低(P<0.01);(2)耳声发射DPOAE测试结果显示,造模组1 560,3 125 Hz DPOAE幅值较正常对照组及造模前降低(P<0.01);(3)造模组耳蜗组织形态发生变化:螺旋韧带、基底膜微血管及蜗轴毛细血管内有血管扩张、微血栓形成,血管纹水肿变性;Corti器内毛细胞变性、坏死或缺失;(4)提示:模型成功模拟了豚鼠气虚血瘀型Corti器毛细胞损伤的过程,未来可应用于中医药治疗耳鸣耳聋特别是突发性耳聋的机制研究。

BACKGROUND： Traditional Chinese medicine holds therapeutic potential for deafness and tinnitus, but there is a lack of in-depth research about the underlying mechanism, so establishing an animal model maybe helpful to explore the mechanism. OBJECTIVE： To establish hair cell damage model in the Corti organ with Qi deficiency and blood stasis in guinea pigs, and to assess its effects. METHODS： Twelve adult guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control and model groups by random number table method. Guinea pigs in the model group were firstly treated with the modified relieving stagnated Qi and abnormal starvation for 15 days to model Qi deficiency, and then stimulated hair cell damage with blood stasis by photochemical induction. The controls received no intervention. Subsequently, the detection of serum D-xylose content and DPOAE test were performed, and the cochlea morphology was observed under light microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：（1） The serum D-xylose content in the model group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group（P 〈0.01）.（2） DPOAE test revealed that the amplitudes of 1 560 and 3 125 Hz in the model group were lower than those in the normal control group and before modeling（P 〈0.01）.（3） In the model group, hemangiectasis and microthrombosis appeared in the spiral ligament, microvascular basement membrane and modiolus capillaries, and stria vascularis presented edema and degeneration; degeneration, necrosis or loss of hair cells were visible in the Corti organ.（4） To conclude, the model of hair cell damage in the guinea pig with Qi deficiency and blood stasis is established successfully, which will provide a research tool for figuring out the mechanism underlying the traditional Chinese medicine for treating deafness and tinnitus, especially sudden hearing loss.