西宁市某特钢厂噪声暴露危害程度调查与评价

Investigation and assessment on hazard extent of noise exposure in a special steel plant of Xining City

目的调查评价西宁市某特钢厂噪声作业危害程度,为企业噪声危害防治提供依据。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查与检测方法,对该厂各岗位人员接触噪声强度进行测量并做噪声作业危害程度分级。结果原料上料系统各工种接触噪声LEX,8h低于限值,但送料工已接近85d B（A）;炼钢系统冶炼工除操枪手外,接触噪声LEX,8h均超标,达94.4-98.8 d B（A）,危害程度等级为II至III级;精炼工接触噪声LEX,8h均超标,为85.0-87.3 d B（A）,危害程度等级均为I级;连铸系统连铸工5个岗位中,换包和一次切割岗位接触噪声LEX,8h超标,分别为92.6和98.6 d B（A）,危害程度等级对应为II至III级;辅助生产系统10个岗位中,维修工段电焊工、除尘系统除尘工（放灰、巡检）、水泵站水泵工接触噪声LEX,8h超标,为85.7-89.9 d B（A）,危害程度等级均为I级。结论该厂噪声危害较为严重,III级危害岗位5个,II级危害岗位3个,I级危害岗位7个。需采取综合防噪措施以降低劳动者实际接触水平。

[Objective]To investigate and assess the hazard extent of occupational noise in a special steel plant of Xining City,provide the basis for the prevention and control the occupational noise.[Methods]By the field occupational hygiene investigation and detection,the noise intensity of exposed workers in different post was detected,and the classification of noise exposure degree was performed.[Results]LEX,8 hof workers in raw material feeding system was lower than the limit,but that of feeding workers was nearly 85 d B（A）. LEX,8 hof smelters in steelmaking system met the standard expect lance workers whose value reached 94.4-98.8d B（A）,which the hazard belonged to degree II-III. LEX,8 hof refining workers exceeded the limit,reaching 85.0-87.3 d B（A）,which the hazard belonged to degree I. Among 5 posts in continuous casting system,LEX,8 hof package and cutting posts exceeded the limit,which was 92.6 d B（A） and 98.6 d B（A） respectively,belonging to degree II-III. Among 10 posts in auxiliary production system,LEX,8 hof welders in maintenance section,workers in dust removal system（dust removal,inspection）,and workers in pump station exceeded the limit,which were 85.7-89.9 d B（A）,all belonging to degree I.[Conclusion]The noise hazard is severe in this plant,including 5 posts of hazard degree III,3 posts of hazard degree II,and 7 posts of hazard degree I. It is necessary to take the comprehensive control measures to reduce the actual exposure level of workers.