我国足球劳动合同争议的司法处理

The Judicial Resolution of Disputes on Football Labor Contracts of China

在《中国足球改革发展总体方案》出台的背景下,探讨我国法院能否处理球员和俱乐部之间的劳动合同争议具有重要的现实意义。仔细分析晚近的司法实践,无论是《体育法》第33条的现行法规定,还是《国际足联章程》《中国足协章程》等体育组织制定的规则,抑或当事人同意提交中国足协仲裁委员会裁决的约定,都不妨碍民事法院对此类争议行使管辖权。然而,考虑到体育行业以及体育争端解决的特殊性,法院在处理此类案件时仍存在受案范围以及法律适用上的不足,影响审判的效果。基于国际体育仲裁院的先进经验,我国应建立专门审理竞技体育纠纷的体育仲裁机构以解决足球劳动合同争议,既要实现司法处理的终局性,又要避免对体育自治的过分干预。

Under the background of the overall plan to reform and develop Chinese football, it is significantly important to discuss whether the courts of China could resolve the disputes on labor contracts between football players and clubs. In deeply analyzing recent judicial practices, no matter the current law, such as Article 33 of the Sports Law, and other provisions of the rules of sports organizations, e. g. , FIFA Regulation and Chinese Football Association Regulation, or the agreements to submit cases to arbitration committee of Chinese Football Association, do not prejudice the civil courts to exercise jurisdiction over such disputes. However, considering the particularities of sports industry and resolution of sports disputes, the courts in dealing with such cases have inadequacies in the scope of adjudication and application of law, which affect the effectiveness of trial. Based on the advanced experiences of Courts of Arbitration for Sports （ CAS）, China should establish the sports arbitration body which adjudicated disputes of competitive sports to resolve the disputes on football labor contracts, not only to achieve the finality of judicial resolution, but also to avoid the undue interference to sports autonomy.