凡口铅锌矿尾矿库废弃地生态恢复实践

Ecological Restoration of Fankou Pb/Zn Mine Tailings Wasteland

在凡口铅锌矿2号尾矿库建立生态恢复试验样地.研究结果表明:未经改良的对照区前后则无明显变化,而尾砂区和覆土区在生态恢复3个月后,在p H、EC、NAG-p H方面与恢复前相比有显著改善,但尾砂区和覆土区两者间比较则并无显著差异.恢复后试验区植被覆盖度达到90%以上,植物种类多达14种.其中黑麦草、高羊茅、斑茅、苎麻、紫花苜蓿、白三叶在试验区生长植物中占主要优势,可以作为尾矿库生态恢复先锋物种的候选植物.该研究能够为凡口铅锌矿尾矿库以及其他同类矿业废弃地的生态修复工作提供参考.

Studied site of this research was located at NO. 2 tailing pond of Fankou Pb/Zn mine. The result indicated that no significant variation could be seen in the control plot, while signs of significant improvements were clearly shown in the tailing plots（TP） and soil-covered plots（SP） after ecological restoration. Overall, however, no significant difference within p H, electrical conductivity and NAG-p H could be seen between TP and SP. Vegetation coverage of the experimental site reached up to ninety percent after restoration for three months and fourteen plant species could be observed, within which Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, Saccharum arundinaceum, Boehmeria nivea,Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens were prominent and those plants could be selected as pioneer plants in the mine tailings wasteland restoration. Hopefully, this work could provide some new insights into the restoration of extreme acidic mine tailings wasteland and such like works.