37名候选饱和潜水员群体健康管理和效果分析

Health management of 37 saturation diver candidates and its effect analysis

目的 探索大深度饱和潜水潜水员健康管理的措施和方法,对健康管理效果作出评价.方法 2014年6-12月对37名参加300 m饱和潜水候选潜水员进行职业健康管理,分别在2014年6月（健康管理开展前）和2014年12月（引入健康管理半年后）对潜水员健康促进生活方式量表调查结果、体检指标改变状况、心理症状评分、体能储备状况与健康评定结果进行综合评价.结果 开展职业健康管理后,潜水员健康促进生活方式明显好转,自我实现、人际关系、健康职责、压力处理与管理前比较差异有统计学意义（均P ＜0.05）;体能储备有了较大改进,俯卧撑、仰卧起坐、地面旋转与管理前比较差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;健康等级评定结果合格率从64.86％提升到81.08％ （P ＜0.05）,潜水员心理素质维持较好,达到饱和潜水作业标准.结论 对饱和潜水潜水员进行系统、科学的职业健康管理,能够促进身心健康,有利于其作业能力的维持.

Objective To explore the measures and methods of the health management of the deep saturation diver candidates,and also to evaluate the effects of health management on the divers.Methods A professional health management was enforced on 37 saturation diver candidates who were to perform the 300 m saturation dive from June to December 2014.A comprehensive health evaluation on the changes in physical examination indexes,psychological symptoms scores,physical performance reserve and health assessment results was respectively made in June 2014 （before the implementation of health management） and December 2014 （6 months after the implementation of health management） by using the diver life style health promotion questionnaire survey.Results As compared with that before the implementation of professional health management,the diver health promotion life style was obviously improved following the implementation of professional health management.There was statistical significance in self-realization,interpersonal relationship,health obligations and stress management,when comparisons were made between pre and post implementation of health management.Physical performance reserve was considerably improved,and statistical significance could be noted in such indicators as push-ups,sit-ups and ground rotation.The qualified health rate was increased from 64.86% to 81.08%,and the psychological factor was well maintained,which reached operational standards of saturation diving.Conclusions Systematic and scientific occupational health management of saturation divers could effectively promote their physical and mental health and was beneficial to the maintenance of their operational capability.