HIV的清除和艾滋病功能性治愈的研究进展

HIV eradication and research progress in AIDS functional cure

高效抗反转录治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)能有效抑制人类免疫缺陷病毒(humanimmunodeficiency virus,HIV)的复制,降低艾滋病的发病率和死亡率,使艾滋病从一种致死性疾病转变为慢性疾病。HIV可以在感染者体内形成病毒储存库,HAART无法清除储存库,这成为彻底性治愈艾滋病的主要难点。通过不同策略在停止抗反转录病毒治疗后,体内病毒能控制在检测线以下并维持机体免疫功能的功能性治愈成为近期治疗艾滋病的目标。本文对目前国内外实现艾滋病功能性治愈的不同策略:早期和强化治疗、激活和杀灭、基因治疗和永久沉默等进行综述。

Highly active anti- retroviral therapy（HAART） can effectively inhibit human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）replication. In an era of HAART, AIDS has been transformed from a fatal disease to a chronic disease with significantlyreduction of HIV- related morbidity and mortality. However, HIV can establish viral reservoirs that evade HAART, whichrepresents the major hurdle in HIV eradication. Functional cure, which will allow the immune system to maintain the upperhand and keep HIV replication below threshold levels in the absence of anti-HIV drugs/therapy, becomes the recent goal forthe treatment of AIDS. This review mainly focus on research progress of strategies to achieve functional cure of AIDS includesearly and intensification treatment of HAART, shock and kill, gene therapy and permanent silencing.