中国9个产地的三叶木通果实理化成分比较

Comparative Study of Physical and Chemical Components of Akebia trifoliata from 9 Places of Production in China

对中国9个产地的三叶木通的果实经济性状、种子含油率和脂肪酸组成、果肉营养成分及藤条药用成分等指标进行了比较,结果表明,(1)不同地理种源的三叶木通果实之间的单果重、单果果肉重、种子重、果实纵横径、果皮厚度、每千克鲜果数及可食率有些存在显著性差异,单果皮重差异不显著。湖南省产三叶木通的可食率最高,达到32.92%,果皮厚度最薄,单果重和果肉重均较高,具有较高食用价值。(2)不同地理种源三叶木通的种子含油率、脂肪酸组成存在显著性差异。江西芦溪县和湖北鹤峰县产三叶木通的种子含油率最高,分别达到47.62%和47.20%,不饱和脂肪酸含量也都在75%左右,具有较高的油用价值。(3)不同产地三叶木通果肉之间的总糖、还原糖及蛋白质含量均存在显著性差异,只有维生素C含量差异不显著。江西省峡江县产三叶木通的蛋白质含量最高,总酸含量最低,维生素C含量较高,营养价值较高。江西广昌县产三叶木通的总糖和还原糖含量均较高,蛋白质、维生素C含量也中等,总酸含量较低,其果实营养价值也较高。(4)不同产地的三叶木通藤条之间木通苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸及总皂苷存在显著性差异,安徽金寨县产三叶木通藤条中的木通苯乙醇苷B及总皂苷含量均最高,齐墩果酸含量也较高,具有较高的药用价值。本项研究将为三叶木通不同目的品种选育提供参考。

Comparative study on relevant indicators of Akebia trifoliata from 9 provinces of production such as the fruit economic characters, seed oil content, fatty acid composition, flesh nutritional components and rattan medicinal components were conducted. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） Except for single fruit tare, there were significant difference of fruit economic characters between different geographical provenance. The fruit edible rate of Akebia trifoliata from Hunan Province was highest, reached 32. 92%, its single fruit weight and flesh weight were higher than others, and its pericarp thickness was minimum, so its edible value was high; （2） There were significant difference of seed oil content and fatty acid composition between different geographical provenance. The seed oil content of Akebia trifoliata from Luxi County of Jiangxi Province and Hefeng County of Hubei Province were highest, reached 47.62% and 47.20% respectively, their unsaturated fatty acid content were both about 75%, so their oil-used value were high ; （3） Except for vitamin C, there were significant difference of total acid, total sugar, reducing sugar and protein content between different geographical provenance. The protein content of Akebia trifoliata from Xiajiang County of Jiangxi Province was the highest, its total acid content was minimum, vitamin C content was higher than others, so its fruit nutrient value was high. The total sugar and the reducing sugar content of Akebia trifoliata from Guangchang County of Jiangxi Province were both higher than others, vitamin C and protein content were medium, and its total acid content was lower than others, so its fruit nutrient value was also high; （4） There were significant difference of medicinal components between different places of production. The phenylethanoid glycoside B and total saponins content of Akebia trifoliata from Jinzhai County of Anhui Province were highest, and its oleanolic acid content was also high, so its medicinal value was high.