英语NA复合词的形态、句法和语义特征研究

A Study of the Morphological,Syntactic,and Semantic Features of English NA Compounds

本文以CELEX语料库为语料来源,并以《牛津简明英语词典》(第9版)为参照标准分别从词类分布、中心性、句法结构和语义关系四个方面对所搜集到的223个英语NA复合词进行了研究并探讨了其内在的构词规律。英语NA复合词有名词、形容词和副词三种词类,其中形容词所占比例最高;英语NA复合词共有五种句法结构:定中结构、状中结构、主系表结构、并列结构和动宾结构;英语NA复合词中心词的分布与其词类和句法结构有一定的联系,中心词右向的复合词绝大多数是形容词且为状中偏正结构,中心词左向的复合词均为名词且为偏正的句法结构,而离心复合词只有并列和主系表两种句法结构。此外,英语NA复合词的内部语素共有18种语义关系。

Based on the CELEX database and the ninth edition of the Concise Oxford Dictionary, the author analyzed the morphological, syntactic, and semantic features of English NA compounds. It is found that there are three types of parts of speech（POS） among English NA compounds： noun, adjective and adverb and most of them are adjectives. In addition, most of the rightheaded English NA compounds are adjectives,whose syntactic structure is adverbial ＋head, while the left-headed ones are all nouns which fall into the category of attributive-head syntactic structure, with the rest of the English NA compounds being exocentric ones. Besides, there are 18 types of semantic relations between the constituents of the English NA compounds.