人为干扰对轿子山自然保护区典型植物群落及土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Human Disturbance on Plant Communities and Physicochemical Soil Properties in the Natural Reservation Area of Jiaozi Mountain

采用样方法对轿子山主干线路两侧不同海拔高度的土壤和植物群落进行样地调查,分析了不同人为干扰强度(对比区CK、轻度干扰区LD、中度干扰区MD、高度干扰区HD)下对土壤理化性质和典型植被群落的影响和相互关系。结果表明:1人为干扰对土壤理化性质具有较大影响,土壤含水量、土壤孔隙度和土壤电导率随着人为干扰强度的增大而降低,土壤容重随着人为干扰强度的增加而增加,土壤p H值未表现出明显差异;2人为干扰降低了土壤碳素和氮素的含量,钾素浮动最大表现的最为敏感,磷素没有明显差异(p>0.05),人为干扰对土壤磷素变化影响较小;3随着人为干扰强度的增大,土壤酶活性也显著降低,三种酶活性变幅的大小顺序依次是:脲酶活性>过氧化氢酶活性>磷酸酶活性;4轿子山乔木、灌木、草本受人为干扰强度的影响,群落生物量的大小排序为CK>LD>MD>HD;5人为干扰区域的有机碳与全氮(TN)、全钾(TK)和生物量呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),与TP没有显著相关。

Using field investigation and quadrat method,a study was conducted on soil and plant communities of the main trunk both sides and different altitude in Jiaozi mountain. The impacts and relationships between physicochemical properties and typical plant communities were analyzed under different human disturbance（ check plot CK,light degree disturbance area LD,medium degree disturbance area MD,height degree disturbance area HD）.The results showed that： （1） human disturbance has a great effect on soil physicochemical properties; soil water content,soil porosity and soil electrical conductivity decreased with increase of the human disturbance; soil bulk density increased with increasing human disturbance and there being no obvious differences on PH value; （2） human disturbance lower the content in carbon in the soil and nitrogen; potassium is floating and most sensitive among the analyzed data; there being no obvious differences on phosphorus（ P〉0. 05） and human disturbance has less effected on phosphorus; （3） with the increasing intensity of human disturbance,soil enzyme activities significantly reduced,three enzyme activities changed from big to small is urease activity,catalase activity and phosphatase activity;（ 4）the impact of human disturbance on the biomass of tree,shrub and herb in Jiaozi mountain from big to small is CK,LD,MD and HD; （5） organic carbon,total nitrogen（ TN）,total potassium（ TK） and biomass in the human disturbance area have a significant correlation,but no obvious correlation in TP.