黑龙江省4个市肉鸡生产链中沙门菌分子分型研究

Molecular typing of Salmonella isolates from poultry production chains in four cities of Heilongjiang province

目的 了解黑龙江省4个市肉鸡生产链中沙门菌分子分型的情况。方法 参照美国CDC PulseNet实验方法，对2012年黑龙江省4个市肉鸡生产链环节中（孵化、养殖、屠宰和配送分销）分离到的沙门菌进行PFGE分型，利用BioNumerics软件对分离菌株的指纹图谱进行聚类分析并初步建立数据库。结果 4个环节中屠宰环节的污染最为严重（13.84%）。150株肠炎沙门菌和65株印第安纳沙门菌分别有89个和55个带型，带型存在多样性。肠炎沙门菌在不同环节或是不同地区具有相同的带型；印第安纳沙门菌在所有不同环节和地区没有相同的带型。HLJ2的肉鸡肠炎沙门菌污染已溯源到孵化环节的种鸡。结论 黑龙江省4个市肠炎沙门菌和印第安纳沙门菌的带型有地区差异，不同环节的优势带型各不相同。屠宰加工过程存在交叉污染，部分地区污染源可追溯到孵化环节。

Objective To study the PFGE type of Salmonella （S.） strains isolated from poultry production chains （hatching, breeding, slaughter, distribution and retail） of four cities in Heilongjiang province. Methods DNA collected from S. strains in 2012 was digested by XbaⅠ according to the standard PFGE protocol of US CDC. The PFGE patterns were then analyzed by BioNumerics software. Results The contamination of S. appeared most serious during the process of slaughtering （13.84%）. PFGE was used to determine the genetic relationships between these isolates from poultry production chains, 89 pulsotypes from 150 S. enteritidis isolates and 55 pulsotypes from 65 S. indiana isolates showed considerable diversity. The same pulsotypes of S. enteritidis can be found between different food chains and cities. In contrast, no identical pulsotypes of S. indiana were found between different food chain and cities. In these four cities, the above said two kinds of S. were from different sources. The source of S. contamination in HLJ2 city had been traced back to the chain of poultry hatching. Conclusions The distribution of pulsetypes of the S. enteritidis and S. indiana isolates was from different regions and the dominant bands were also different between the chains of poultry production. Cross contamination existed in slaughterhouses and contamination can be traced back to the poultry hatching.