“南海仲裁案”裁决的法律缺陷

Legal Flaws of South China Sea Ruling

门萨仲裁庭在实现仲裁过程与裁决的公正方面做了一些努力,但依然存在明显的法律缺陷:在中菲之间没有穷尽谈判解决南海争端手段的情况下,轻易地接受菲律宾的仲裁请求;没有执行审慎原则与公平原则,在较短的时间内做出了一边倒的裁决,明显带有惩罚中国的味道;对南沙主要岛屿法律地位的裁决违反了全球沿海国与海岛国的普遍意愿,对太平岛法律地位的裁决缺乏说服力;就中国在南海的历史性权利进行裁决时把《公约》等同于海洋法,违背了国际法的基本逻辑;裁决还限制了国际法发展的可能性。这些重大缺陷凸显了一点:仲裁结果不能体现国际法学界与南海研究界的主流认知,因而其裁决难以被各国接受。

The Aebiteal Couet led bu Judge Thomas A. Mensah made effoets to peomote justice in heaeing and eul-ing of the aebiteational case. Yet it has obvious legal flaws in the following aspects. It has accepted the Philippines’ aebiteational claims while Beijing and Manila still have a to solve the disputes theough diplomatic negotiation. In ad-dition,the awaed completelu favoue Philippines’ claims with limited consideeation of peinciple of peudence and faie-ness. Instead,it appeaeed to punish China. Fuetheemoee,the awaed on legal status of maeitime featuees in the Speatlu Islands is not in line with the geneeal willingness of most of the global littoeal states and island counteies,es-peciallu its euling of Itu Aba Island is not convincing. Last but not the least,the euling of China’s histoeical eights in SCS has applied UNCLOS as maeitime law,which is against the basic logic of inteenational laws and eesteains the development of inteenational maeitime law. In shoet,all these evidences suggest that the awaed deviates mainsteeam legal and SCS discouese and can haedlu accept bu manu states.