镁及镁合金材料作为骨科内植物研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF MAGNESIUM AND MAGNESIUM ALLOYS IMPLANTS IN ORTHOPEDICS

目的对镁及镁合金材料作为骨科内植物的研究进展进行综述。方法广泛查阅国内外有关镁及镁合金材料在骨科领域中研究和应用的文献,对其进行总结分析。结果目前骨科临床常用的内植物材料有钛合金、不锈钢、铬合金等,这些内植物材料存在组织相容性较差、生物力学特性与骨组织不匹配、需要二次手术取出等缺点。镁及镁合金材料与传统内植物相比,具有更接近于骨组织的力学特性,并且在生物体内可降解吸收,无需二次手术取出。虽然镁及镁合金材料具有其自身优越性,但仍存在降解过快等问题。目前医用镁及镁合金材料的研究开发热点是提高其耐腐蚀性、控制降解速率。结论镁及镁合金作为骨科内植物材料具有巨大应用前景,通过进一步系统及深入的研究,有望成为新一代生物可吸收内植物材料。

Objective To summarize the research and application progress of magnesium and magnesium alloys implants in the orthopedics. Methods The domestic and foreign related literature about the research progress and application of magnesium and magnesium alloys implants in the orthopedics was reviewed. Results Currently approved and commonly used metallic implants in orthopedics include stainless steels, titanium alloys, and chromium alloys having many disadvantages of poor biocompatibility, mismatch with the biomechanical properties of the bone tissue, and need of second surgical procedure to remove. Compared with traditional implants, magnesium and magnesium alloys have biomechanical properties closer to natural bone tissue, and in vivo degradation, which have the potential to serve as new biocompatible and degradable implants. Although magnesium and magnesium alloy materials have their own advantages, but the degradation rate is still too fast and so on. At present, the research and development of medical magnesium and magnesium alloy materials are to improve their corrosion resistance and control the rate of degradation. Conclusion Magnesium and magnesium alloys have great potential as a implant material in the orthopedics, through further systematic and in-depth study, it is expected to become a new generation of degradation biological implant materials.