成都市流动儿童家长预防接种知信行状况及其对接种率的影响

KAP of Parents of Floating Children in Chengdu on Vaccination and Factors Affecting Immunization Coverage Rate

目的了解成都市流动儿童家长对预防接种的知信行状况及对五苗全程接种率的影响。方法采取分阶段整群随机抽样法，调查2010—09—01／2011-08—31出生的流动儿童共1057人。结果调查儿童的五苗全程接种率为83．35％，大部分流动儿童家长知道部分免疫规划政策，知晓率729争98％；但对部分疫苗及疫苗所预防疾病的知晓率较低，约41％～96％。家长是否知晓某些疫苗及疫苗所预防疾病、是否知晓某些免疫规划政策其孩子五苗全程合格接种率的差别有统计学意义（x^2=4．278—18．702，P〈0．05）。家长对接种疫苗的态度不同及最近1年是否按时带孩子接种疫苗，其孩子五苗全程接种率的差别有统计学意义（x^2=7．921～20．990，P〈0．05）。结论家长对预防接种知识和政策的知晓率不同，对预防接种的态度和行为不同，其孩子五苗全程接种率的差别有统计学意义。

Objective To understand KAP of parents of floating children in Chengdu on vaccination and factors affecting the complete coverage rate of the primary 5 vaccines. Methods Multistage cluster random sampling was used to investigate 1 057 floating children who were born from September 1st, 2010 to August 31st, 2011. Resuits The complete coverage rate of 5 vaccines was 83.35%. Most parents （72%-98% ） knew about some EPI policies, but the knowledge rate of some vaccines and the diseases was comparatively low. The coverage rate was statistically higher when parents knew HBV, DPF, MMR, OPV and MenA, or understood the functions of HBV, OPV and DPT, or learned that present vaccines had two kinds and the second kind costs （X2 =4. 278 - 18. 702, P 〈 0.05 ）. There was statistically significant difference of children＇s complete coverage rate when parents held different attitudes towards vaccination and whether parents had children vaccinated on time in the latest year （x^2 = 7.921 - 20. 990, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Parents＇ knowledge of vaccination and related poli- cies, different attitudes towards vaccination and the situation of having children vaccinated on time in the latest year had influence on the complete coverage rate, and statistically significant differences were found.