福岛事故废液滞留和循环处理进程分析

The Process Analysis of Retention and Cycling Treatment of Liquid Waste from Fukushima Nuclear Disaster

日本福岛事故后,东京电力公司利用福岛第一核电厂原有的反应堆厂房、汽轮机厂房、高温焚烧厂房、工艺主厂房以及新设置的废液净化处理装置和废液贮槽,在现场建立了事故后废液滞留和循环处理系统,基本实现了事故废液的贮存、净化和循环利用。自2011年6月29日开始,东京电力公司约以周为间隔实时发布现场废液积存量/处理状况报告。本文统计了2011年6月29日—2014年1月8日期间先后发布的132份状况报告中有关现场各相关厂房和贮槽内废液积存量的数据,分析了福岛事故后废液滞留和循环处理进程,研究了福岛事故后建立的废液滞留和循环处理系统的组成、功能和运行特点及将其应用于废液滞留和循环处理中的经验与不足,并提出了关于事故后废液包容滞留的若干建议,为我国开展核电厂事故废液包容滞留措施研究提供借鉴。

A system for retention and cycling treatment of liquid waste from Fukushima nuclear disaster was established on site by Tokyo Electric Power Company after the Fukushima accident utilizing the existing reactor building,turbine building,high temperature incinerator building,process main building of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and newly built liquid waste purification apparatus and liquid waste storage tank,which was used to help in achieving the accident liquid waste storage,purification and recycling.Since June 29,2011,status reports of＂Situation of Storing and Treatment of Accumulated Water Including Highly Concentrated Radioactive Materials at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station＂were released by Tokyo Electric Power Company at approximately weekly intervals to show the storage volume of liquid waste on the site.The data of storage volume of liquid waste in each related building and storage tank was counted according to the 132 status reports released from June 29,2011 to January 8,2014.The process of retention and cycling treatment of liquid waste from Fukushima nuclear disaster was analyzed.Composition,function and operational characteristics of the system described above,as well as its experience and deficiencies were studied in this paper.And a number of suggestions were made for the further research of retention of the liquid waste from nuclear disaster.