金砖国家的棉花贸易与中国策

Cotton Trade in the BRIC Countries and China's Countermeasures

在描述中国与其他金砖国家棉花贸易发展趋势的基础上，采用显性比较优势指数、附加显性比较优势指数、贸易互补性指数和贸易强度指数等分析2000～2015年中国与其他金砖国家棉花比较优势、贸易互补性和合作潜力的变化。研究发现，中国与其他金砖国家棉花贸易整体迅速增长且维持贸易逆差；在与巴西、俄罗斯、南非的棉花贸易中，中国棉花出口更具比较优势、互补性强；印度是中国棉花进口第一大来源国．印度棉花出口对中国具有比较优势，中国与印度的棉花贸易不仅互补性强而且增长潜力空间大。未来应该从构建棉花贸易合作机制、优化棉花生产区域布局等方面入手，进一步加大中国与其他金砖国家棉花贸易合作。

Based on the description of the overall trend of cotton trade between China and other countries of the BRICS, this paper used RCA, ARCA, TCI and TII to analyze the comparative advantage, complementarity and growth potential of cotton trade between China and other countries of the BRICS during 2000-2015. The results showed that the cotton trade between China and other countries of the BRICS increased rapidly with trade deficit in general; China＇s cotton exports had more advantages and strong complementarity compared with Brazil, Russia and South Africa; India was the first source of China＇s cotton imports, its cotton exports had a comparative advantage compared to China, the cotton trade between the two countries not only had highly complementary, but also had lager growth potential of space. In the future, we should start with the construction of cooperation mechanism of cotton trade and the optimization of the regional distribution of cotton production to further increase China＇s cotton trade cooperation with other countries of the BRICS.