铸造Al-Cu合金凝固缺陷研究现状

Research Status of Casting Defects of Cast Al-Cu Alloys

铸造Al-Cu合金的凝固缺陷严重影响了铸件的性能,控制或消除凝固缺陷对提高铸件成品率有重大意义。综述了铸造Al-Cu合金在工程中出现的常见凝固缺陷,如偏析、热裂、显微疏松、缩孔等。重点分析了各类缺陷的形成机理与特点,从合金化、熔铸工艺、热处理工艺、数值模拟等角度提出了减少铸造Al-Cu合金凝固缺陷的方法。

Casting defects are deleterious to the properties of cast Al-Cu alloys.Cutting down the casting de-fects is beneficial for improving yield.Some significant casting defects emerged in the engineering applications of cast Al-Cu alloys including segregation,hot tearing,micro-porosity,shrinkage,etc.are discussed.This paper reviews emphatically the formation mechanisms of the features.Meanwhile,the suggestions from four aspects of alloying, melting process,heat treatment process and simulation are put forward to reduce casting defects of cast Al-Cu alloys.