反渗透阻垢剂的合成、应用及机理研究进展

Syntheses,Applications and Mechanism of Reverse Osmosis Scale Inhibitors

投加阻垢剂是解决反渗透(Reverse osmosis,RO)膜结垢问题简单有效的方法。综述了RO系统中阻垢剂的合成应用、阻垢特征、机理及存在问题。含磷类阻垢剂因导致水体磷污染已经基本被其它几类阻垢剂替代,绿色环保类阻垢剂在阻垢效果和可降解性方面均比聚合物类好。但任何阻垢剂单独使用都难于满足(RO)系统阻垢的实际需求,阻垢剂的复配可相互弥补单一阻垢剂的缺陷,同时发挥其协同效应,而阻垢剂的特征改性具有更强的针对性和适用性。因此,阻垢剂的复配和改性是其研究的趋势和重点。

Adding scale inhibitors is a simple and effective solution for the membrane scaling of reverse osmosis （RO） system. The syntheses and applications, scaling characteristics, mechanism and existing problems of scale in- hibitors in RO system are summarized. Phosphorous scale inhibitors are being replaced by environmental friendly inhibitors due to phosphorus pollution, as the latter have better scale inhibition effect and biodegradability. But it is dif- ficult to meet the requirements of practical scaling in RO system by applying a single scale inhibitor. The combination of scale inhibitors can complement the defects of the individuals and generate a synergistic effect. On the other side, modification of scale inhibitors has more pertinence and applicability. The paper suggests that combination and modification represent the further research tendency and key point of scale inhibitors.