高速动车组齿轮箱径向迷宫密封的数值研究

Numerical Study of Radial Labyrinth Seal for High-speed Train Unit Gearbox

对高速动车组齿轮箱径向密封的几何结构进行分析，利用Fluent软件仿真计算径向迷宫密封的内部流场和泄漏量，研究径向迷宫的密封机制，分析密封齿相对啮合深度（啮合深度与齿高的比值）对密封性能的影响，对比研究不同密封齿结构下迷宫泄漏量的变化规律。研究结果表明：当相对齿啮合深度为0．1～0．6时，随着啮合深度的增加，迷宫透气效应增强，泄漏率增加，相对齿啮合深度为0．6时存在流体介质高速通道，密封性能最差，而相对啮合深度为0．1时径向迷宫的密封性能最佳；径向迷宫的密封性能随着密封齿夹角和齿顶长度的增大而减弱，工程应用中可以通过减小密封齿夹角和齿顶长度进行齿形锐化，密封齿存在最小夹角。

The geometric structure of the radial labyrinth seal of high-speed train unit gearbox was analyzed.To explore the radial labyrinth seal mechanism and the influence of relative engagement depth （ratio of engagement depth and tooth height ） on the sealing performance, the internal flow field and leakage of the radial labyrinth seal was simulated by Fluent. Leakage under different fin engagement structures was studied.The results show that when the relative engagement depth is from 0.1 to 0.6, the labyrinth ventilation effect is enhanced to cause the increasing of leakage with the increasing of the relative engagement depth of radial labyrinth seal. When the relative engagement depth is 0.6, the fluid speed thorough- fare is existed in radial labyrinth and the sealing performance is the worst, while the sealing performance is the best when the relative engagement depth is 0.1. The labyrinth sealing performance is decreased with the increasing of the fin angle and the tip length. Seal fin should be sharpened by reducing the angle and the tip length in engineering application and the seal fin has the smallest angle.