响应面法优化灵芝多糖的酶法提取工艺研究

Optimization of enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology

以灵芝子实体粗多糖得率为考察指标,比较了不同种类酶对灵芝多糖的提取效果,筛选出能够提高灵芝多糖提取率的四种酶,即木瓜蛋白酶、破壁酶、纤维素酶和果胶酶;通过单因素和响应面优化实验确定了四种酶的复配方案和最佳酶用量,即木瓜蛋白酶1.6%、破壁酶2.1%、纤维素酶1.6%、果胶酶2.3%,在此基础上,以酶法提取过程中的四个重要参数温度、时间、p H和液固比为自变量,灵芝粗多糖得率为因变量,采用响应面优化设计的方法,研究了各自变量及其相互关系对粗多糖得率的影响,获得了最佳的酶解条件为:温度60℃,时间118 min,p H4.6,液固比16∶1,在此条件下粗多糖得率为4.41%,与传统水提法粗多糖得率3.12%相比,提高了41.3%。

Effects of different kinds of enzymes on the extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides have been investigated,with the crude polysaccharides yield from Ganoderma lucidum fruit body as the index.The results showed that four enzymes, i.e., papain, lyticase, cellulase, and pectinase, could increase the polysaccharides yield.The optimal combination and dosages of the four enzymes were determined by the single factor experiment method and the response surface methodology, which was papain 1.6%, lyticase 2.1%, cellulase 1.6%, and pectinase 2.3%, respectively. Then the response surface methodology was used again to determine the optimal enzymatic extraction conditions,with the temperature,time, pH value, and liquid to solid ratio as the variables, as well as the crude polysaccharides yield as the response. The optimal enzymatic extraction conditions were as follow：temperature 60 ℃,time 118 min, pH value 4.6,the liquid to solid ratio of 16： 1.Under these conditions,the crude polysaccharide yield was 4.41%, which was 41.3% higher than that of 3.12% extracted by traditional hot water extract method.