军民融合企业效率测算及影响因素分析——来自我国“十大军工集团”上市公司的证据

An Analysis on Calculation and Influencing Factors of the Technical Efficiency in Civil-military Integration Enterprises——Evidence from the Listed Companies of “Ten Military Groups” of China

军民融合是我国国防科技产业改革的重要指导思想。以我国"十大军工集团"所属的63家国内上市公司为样本,运用随机前沿分析法测算我国军民融合企业的技术效率,并通过LSDV法对影响军民融合企业技术效率的因素进行分析。研究发现:军民融合企业的技术效率均值仅为0.459,但存在年均3%的增长幅度;军民融合企业的技术效率与其产品民用化程度正相关,且存在显著的地区差异。产品差异化、企业规模、企业注册地经济发展水平、市场竞争程度、股本结构变动均对军民融合企业技术效率的提升具有促进作用;股权集中与较高的国有持股比例则不利于军民融合企业技术效率的提高;此外,上述因素对军民融合企业技术效率的影响程度与企业产品的民用化程度有关。

The civil- military integration is an important guiding ideology of the reform in China＇s national defense science and technology industry. This paper selects 63 domestic listed companies owned by ＂ Ten Military Groups＂ as samples. From the perspective of enterprise, this paper measures the technical efficiency of the samples by SFA model and applies LSDV method to empirically test the influencing factors of the technical efficiency. The results show that ： the average tech- nical efficiency of the samples is 0. 459 only, but there is an average annual growth rate of 3 %. The technical efficiency of a firm is proportional to the civil - oriented of its products and has significant regional disparity. Product differentiation, business scale, geographic region, market competition and changes in capital structures are good for promoting the technical efficiency of the civil - military integration firms; the higher proportion rate of state ownership and ownership concentration curb the promotion of technical efficiency. Besides, the impact of those influencing factors depends on the civil - oriented of its products.