不同土壤调理剂对黄瓜生长、品质及产量的影响

Effects of Different Soil Conditioners on Growth,Yield and Quality of Cucumber

日光温室条件下,以黄瓜为试材,通过盆栽试验,研究了沸石、高岭土、硅藻土、草炭和膨润土等5种土壤调理剂对黄瓜生长、品质及产量的影响。结果表明:土壤调理剂增加黄瓜的株高、茎粗、叶片数,增强植株的抗逆性,改善黄瓜品质和提高单株产量。其中草炭处理黄瓜的株高、茎粗、叶片数,超氧化物歧化酶活性,可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量、净光合速率和单株产量均最大,分别比对照提高了21.00%、15.25%、35.28%、57.17%、43.56%、48.73%、52.77%和37.25%;膨润土处理黄瓜的过氧化物酶活性最高、丙二醛含量最低,分别比对照提高了20.78%、降低了60.20%;硅藻土处理黄瓜的过氧化氢酶活性和果实维生素C含量最高,分别比对照提高了153.75%和1.85%。综合评价,5种调理剂中以草炭效果最好,其次为硅藻土和膨润土,三者效果较对照均达到差异显著水平,沸石、高岭土效果较对照差异不显著。

Under the condition of greenhouse, cucumber was used as material, by pot experiment, the effects of five kinds of soil conditioner zeolite, kaolin, diatomite, peat and bentonite on cucumber growth, quality and yield were studied. The results showed that ,soil conditioners increased cucumber plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and plant resistance, improved the quality of cucumber and increased yield per plant. Under peat treatment, cucumber plant high, stem diameter, number of leaves, the activity of superoxide dismutase and soluble protein, soluble sugar, net photosynthetic rate and yield per plant were the highest among the soil conditioners, and 21.00%, 15. 25%,35. 28%, 57. 17%, 43.56%, 48. 73%,52.77% and 37.25% higher than those of the control. The highest peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde content of cucumber treated with bentonite were 20. 78% higher and 60. 20% lower than those of the control. The catalase activity and vitamin C content of cucumber treated with diatomite were the highest, which were 153. 75% and 1.85% higher than those of the control. Comprehensive evaluation, effects of peat treatment were the best, followed by the diatomite and bentonite, effects of former three treatments compared with the control had reached the significant level, zeolite, kaolin effect compared with the control group had no significant difference.