水肥耦合对无土袋培黄瓜产量、水分利用率和营养品质的影响

Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Yield,Water Use Efficiercy and Nutritional Quality of Cucumber by Soilless Culture in Bag

以"津优10号"黄瓜品种为试材,采用无土基质袋式栽培,设置3个单株水分(105、150、195L,处理代号W1、W2、W3)、3个单株肥料(65、90、117g,处理代号F1、F2、F3)双因素交叉共9个处理,对不同水肥处理下黄瓜产量、水分利用率和营养品质进行了比较。结果表明:结瓜早期F2W1处理既节约水肥,又不影响产量,中期和后期产量均是F3W2和F3W3处理最高,其次是F2W2和F2W1处理,水、肥、水×肥对早期产量无显著影响,对中期和后期产量影响显著,影响大小为肥>水×肥>水;水分利用率在同一水分条件下,F3>F2>F1,在同一肥力水平下,W1>W2>W3;采用主成分分析法对营养品质进行多目标综合比评价,综合评价值前3名为F1W1、F2W1和F2W2;综合以上分析,F2W2和F2W1既能保证品质,又不过多的降低产量,为最优组合。

Nine treatments including three levels of water （105 L, 150 L, 195 L, treatment code WI, W2, W3） and three levels of fertilization（65 g,90 g,117 g,treatment code F1,F2,F3） per plant were set. Cucumber ＇Jinyou 10＇ was used to investigate the effects of yield, water use effieiercy and nutritional quality in the different nine treatments by soilless culture in bag. The results indicated that F2Wl was not only save water and fertilizer but also without affecting yield in early results. The medium term and late yields of F3W2 and F3W3 were the highest,followed by F2W2 and F2W1. The medium term and late yields were significant affected by water,fertilizer and their interactions in turn, the orders of the factors were fertilizer〉the interaction effect of water and fertilizer〉water, but the early yield did not affected significant by the factors. The water use efficiercy showed an increased trend with fertilizersr increasing in the same water level, but a decreasing trend with improvement of water in the same fertilizer level. The nutritional quality of cucumber were synthetically evaluated by principal component analysis, and the first three treatments of comprehensive index were FlWl ,F2W1 and F2W2. Considering the overall above,F2W2 and F2W1 were the best treatment with nutritional quality assurance and they did not overmach decreasing yield.