不同产地人参种质资源RAPD和SSR分析

RAPD and SSR Analyses of Genetic Diversity of Ginseng Germplasm From Different Habitats

以15个产地人参种质资源为试材,采用RAPD和SSR分子标记技术对其遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明：2种分子标记均能揭示不同地区人参种质间的遗传多样性。共筛选出11条RAPD随机引物,平均每条引物可扩增出3~17条DNA片段,共扩增出104条清晰条带,多态性条带100条,多态性百分率为96.15%,揭示供试材料间遗传相似系数（GS）为0.505 3~0.989 5,平均值为0.760 4。筛选出5对SSR引物,平均每对引物可扩增出1~8条DNA片段,共扩增出38条清晰条带,多态性条带35条,多态性百分率为92.11%,揭示供试材料间遗传相似系数（GS）为0.400 0~0.960 0,平均值为0.742 1。RAPD和SSR标记的聚类分析在分类上稍有差异,但总体趋势一致,RAPD、SSR及RAPD＋SSR均将样品聚为三大类,均能揭示它们之间的亲缘关系,为人参种质资源的收集与利用奠定了基础。

Taking ginseng germplasms from 15 regions as materials, the genetic diversity of ginseng （Panax ginseng C. A Meyer） produced in 15 regions was analyzed by using RAPD and SSR. The results showed that two kinds of molecular markers could reveal the genetic diversity among different regions. In this paper, 11 random RAPD primers were selected, each primer could amplify 3--17 DNA fragments, eleven RAPD primers had amplified 104 clear bands, 100 polymorphic bands,and the percentage of polymorphism was 96. 15%. RAPD revealed for the test between genetic similarity coefficient （GS） was 0. 505 3-0. 989 5,average of 0. 760 4. Selected five pairs of SSR primers,per pair of primers could amplify DNA fragments from one to eight, a total of 38 clear amplified bands, 35 polymorphic bands, percentage of polymorphism was 92. 11% ,the test revealed the genetic similarity coefficient （GS） was 0. 400 0-0. 960 0, average of 0. 7421. RAPD and SSR markers constructed cluster diagram was little difference in classification,but the overall trend was consistent. The samples were integrated into three categories by RAPD,SSR and RAPDq-SSR,respectively. It could reveal the relationships among them,and laid the theoretical foundation for the introduction and cultivation and breeding of ginseng germplasm.