界面聚合法制备管状聚苯胺/聚苯胺包覆镍纳米复合材料及其电磁特性

Synthesis of Tube-Polyaniline/Polyaniline Coated Ni Nanoparticle Composite by a Simple Interface Polarization Process and Their Electromagnetic Properties

采用工艺简单的界面聚合法制备了管状聚苯胺(PANi)及管状聚苯胺/聚苯胺包覆镍纳米粒子(PANi/PANi(Ni))复合材料。上层油相采用正己烷,下层水相采用稀盐酸溶液,将两相混合并添加镍纳米颗粒,在两相的界面处发生化学复合反应。通过FT-IR、XRD、TEM分析表征表明,生成了管状聚苯胺,形状均一,直径大约在100nm,并且存在着部分的结晶。聚苯胺很好地包覆了纳米镍粉,实现了管状聚苯胺及聚苯胺包覆纳米镍粉的多种物质及形态的复合,对其制备工艺及微波频段的电磁特性进行了研究。

Tube-polyaniline （PANi） and tube-polyanilin/polyaniline coated nano-nickel （PANt/PANt （Ni）） nanocomposites are prepared by a simple interracial polymerization method of an aqueous/organic biphasic system, without and with the appearance of Ni nanoparticles, respectively. The organic phase is composed of a hexane solution with dissolved aniline, and the aqueous phase is composed of a hydroehloric acid solution with dissolved ammonium peroxydisulfate as oxidant. Both samples are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffrac- tion （XRD） and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The results show that the PANt is tubal with diameter of a- bout 100 nm and length of several micrometers, and exhibits some crystalline grains of several nanometers on the sur- face. In the system of PANi/Ni nanocomposite, it can also be found the PANt tubes and almost all the Ni nanoparti- cles encapsulated into PANt shells, exhibiting a coexistence of two kinds of morphologies. The microwave characteris- tics of both samples are measured and discussed in detail in this paper.