我国医疗侵权诉讼中因果关系之证明——以《侵权责任法》为视角

On the Proof of Causality in Medical Tort Lawsuit of Our Country:From the Perspective of Tort Liability Act

《最高人民法院关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》和《侵权责任法》关于医疗侵权诉讼中因果关系的证明责任分配问题,产生较大争议:一种观点认为《侵权责任法》第58条恢复了患方承担因果关系存在的证明责任;另一种观点则认为医疗侵权诉讼的因果关系分配仍然按照《最高人民法院关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》由医方承担不存在因果关系的证明责任。从保障患方角度出发,医疗侵权纠纷中因果关系不存在的证明责任应由医方来承担。实践中,法官针对因果关系的证明,应该通过表见证明、专家辅助人和鉴定制度来认定因果关系。

Several Prov isions of the Sup reme People’ s Court on Ev idence in Civil Proceedings and Tort Liability Act have great controversy on the distribution of burden of proof in causality in medical tort law -suit .One point of view is that Article 58 of Tort Liability Act restores the burden of proof for the causal relationship between the patient and the other .T he other point of view is that the distribution of the causal relationship in the medical tort action is still in accordance with Several Prov isions of the Supreme People’s Court on Ev idence in Civil Proceedings ,and the medical side bears no causal relationship of the burden of proof .To protect the patient ,the burden of proof of non-existence of causality in medical tort disputes is borne by the medical side .In practice ,judges for the causal relationship of the burden of proof , the causal relationship should be determined through proof of the table ,expert adjuncts and identification system .