数字界面微观信息结构的有序度分析

Order degree analysis of digital interface microscopic information structure

针对数字界面人机交互过程中的信息流畅性问题,提出从微观信息结构出发运用熵理论对信息结构的有序度进行定量分析.首先,指出微观信息结构由2类信息元和3种典型的信息关系组成;其次,提出信息结构的时效熵和质效熵的计算方法,用来度量数字界面信息结构的有序度;最后,选择手机界面这一典型的数字界面为例,构建了3种不同的App布局,进行信息结构的有序度计算.认知实验结果表明,有序度高的信息结构具有直观方便、分区有规律等特点,比较容易记忆;而有序度低的信息结构搜索路径复杂,记忆效果较差,且耗时较多.数字界面微观信息结构的有序度与用户的认知绩效相关,可以作为界面设计效果的评价指标.

Aiming at the information fluency issue in the process of human-computer interaction, the entropy theory is used from the microscopic view to quantify the order degree of the information structure. First, it is pointed out that microscopic information structure comprises two types of information elements and three types of typical information relationship. Secondly, the time and quality entropy calculation method of the information structure is proposed for digital interface order degree evaluation. Finally, the smart phone interface as a typical digital interface is chosen to construct three types of different App layouts for the order degree calculation of the information structure. Cognitive experimental results show that the information structures with higher order degree are more intuitive, convenient, well partitioned, which makes recall more easy; while the structures with lower degree have complicated searching way, which makes recall more difficult and time-wasting. The order degree of the digital interface microscopic information structure has correlation with users, cognitive performance, and thus it can be set as an evaluation index for the interface design.