黑河流域水生态环境问题及对策

Discussion on Aquatic Ecological Environment Issues and Countermeasures in Heihe River Basin

黑河是我国最大的内陆河,流域气候和海拔差异较大,由环境差异形成了独特的流域水生态系统。在流域水生态现状调查的基础上,结合水电梯级开发和水资源利用情况,分析了黑河流域存在的水体连通性差、水资源开发利用强度高等水生态问题。在此基础上提出了保留自然状态,划定禁止开发河段,建设过鱼设施,恢复河流连通性,优化调度方案,保障中下游河流水系连通等措施,以恢复和保护流域水生态环境。

As the Chinese largest inland river,Heihe River has big differences in climate and altitude,forming a typical aquatic ecosystem.On the basis of status survey of watershed aquatic ecosystem,considered the hydropower cascade development and utilization of water resources,the main aquatic ecosystem problems such as the poor water connectivity and water resources development and utilization of higher intensity in Heihe River basin were analyzed. And some countermeasures were proposed,such as to retain the natural state,delimit the prohibited development section,build river fish passage facilities,restore river connectivity,optimize scheduling and ensure river system connection in the middle and lower reaches for restoring and protecting the aquatic ecosystem of the river basin.