成形铣齿切削载荷与加工精度的分析

Analysis of Gear Profile Gashing Load and Machining Accuracy

错齿盘铣刀可用于齿轮的成形铣齿加工,具有多刃断续切削和变切屑厚度等特点,属于非自由强力铣削。切削载荷、加工精度逐渐成为切削机制的主要内容。通过试验方法,测量获得铣齿加工的典型载荷,可知切入、切中、切出三个阶段具有不同的特征。通过三坐标测量加工精度,分析得出齿向呈现了倒锥形的结果。其中切中阶段,加工精度为正并逐渐提高;而切出阶段,加工精度为负。基于对三向切削载荷及机床主轴箱体的悬伸对加工精度的直接影响分析,解释了"收口"现象的主要原因。该类实时的切削数据可用于现场分析与控制,进而实现精度补偿。

Stagger disk-type gear gasher can be applied to gear profile gashing which is no-free and heavy milling characterized with multiple cutting edges, intermittent cutting and changing thickness of chip in condition. Cutting load and machining accuracy become the key contents of cutting mechanism gradually. Through the test method, typical load of gear gashing was obtained and distin-guished in different characteristics of three stages called the hit, middle and out. The accuracy measured by a three coordinate measuring machine was analyzed that the tooth was presented to the inverted cone. During middle of cutting, accuracy value was positive and gradually increased. In latter out stage, accuracy value was negative. The main cause of necking phenomenon could be explained based on the analysis of cutting load and spindle box of the overhang of machine tool which impact on the machining accuracy directly. So, cutting data of gear gashing in realtime have been measured for field analysis and control, which further implement for accuracy compensation.