从语言情境性看语义学概念“真”的界定

A Study on Definition of Semantic Concept “True”from Language Situationality

以语言哲学相关研究为视角,考察语义研究发现,语言情境不但决定命题真值的判定,还决定着"真"概念的界定。研究表明,在形式语言层面,"真"意味着与我们的逻辑知识和数学知识等不相矛盾或不相背离;在自然语言层面,"真"表示命题描述的可能事态符合特定可能世界(如现实世界)的具体情况;在元语言层面,"真"体现为语言系统内部的融贯性或不同语言系统之间的相通性。

Semantic studies from the perspective of philosophy of language show that language situationality not only decides the truth judgment of proposition,but also determines definition of the core term＂true＂. This paper suggests that,on the formal language level,＂true＂means neither oppose nor disobey to the logic and math knowledge that we have. On the natural language level,＂true＂shows the conformation between the possible state of affairs which is described by propositions and the specific situations of the possible worlds（ such as the real world）. On the meta language level,＂true＂suggests the coherence of language system or the communication between different language systems.