表态言语行为的语义与语用

Semantic and Pragmatic Analysis of Expressives

表态言语行为的深层结构应为:I V(express+emotion/volition)You+I/You VP/gerundial noun.动词V"表示1",具有与其他类型言语行为不同的言说方式意义,心理状态应该为针对听话人的情感或意愿,考虑到汉语的特点,VP→gerundial noun应该为VP/gerundial noun.表态行为的语用显示,表层有零形、复数第一人称和单复数第三人称的施事主体,有予事省略、言说动词隐没以及部分消极情意的间接表达方式。

Semantic analysis of expressives shows that,they have the deep structure＂I V（ express ＋ emotion / volition） You ＋ I / You VP / gerundial noun＂. The verb V means a speech act style＂display＂,different from other types of speech acts. While the emotion or volition should be associated with the hearer. And taking into account the characteristics of Chinese,the VP→gerundial noun should be VP / gerundial noun. As a result,the surface structure of expressives has zero shaped,first-person plural,thirdperson singular and plural forms of agent subject,ellipsis object,ellipsis SAV. There are also indirect speech acts,implicitly expressing negative emotion or volition to the listener.