日本古代日记文学文体的叙事特征

The Stylistic Characteristics of Ancient Japanese Diary Literature

日本平安时期形成并发展起来的日记文学是一种不同于记录性日记的文学体裁。前期研究较多从文本内容、与作者关联来分析日记文学的本质与定义。从叙事学理论角度看,日记文学作者依托真实事件素材,立于女性视角回忆过去,采用融合和歌在内的假名散文形式进行故事重组与文学描述。既具有日记的纪实性、日期意识与私语性,又因为回忆性叙事视角、叙述接受意识等,呈现凝视自我和与倾诉于他者的双重话语模式,兼备事件的真实性与文学的虚构性。

The diary literature in the Heian Period begins to be regarded as full of literariness in diary form. Then,it gradually becomes an independent genre. Although it follows the tradition of diary writing,it is in fact quite different from diary. From the perspective of narrative theory,on the level of narrative discourse,the Japanese Heian Period diary literature fuses Waka and prose writing style,recalls＂present＂in the＂past＂,and uses female narrative point of view. It possesses the time consciousness of diary,and the dual discouse pattern of＂self＂and＂others＂. On the level of story telling,the author reorganizes the story and describes the story based on the real materials,thus,combines the reality of the event and the fictionality of literature.