美国本科层次中学科学师资培养的五种典型模式

Five Types of Four-year K7-12 Science Teacher Preparation Programs in the US

美国本科层次中学科学师资培养模式中,较有代表性的五种模式分别是:依托于专业系院、依托于教师教育学院、辅修专业、替代性证书项目和网络大学模式。前三种模式是高校教师教育专业框架下的培养模式。替代性证书项目是针对非教师教育专业毕业后想进入教育行业的进修模式。网络大学模式则融合了所有模式的特点,既是教师教育模式的创新,又是"互联网+"时代大学办学模式的创新。上述五种培养模式各有利弊。

In the US today,there are five types of four-year K7-12 science teacher preparation programs,i. e. university-based programs,teachers-college-based programs,education minor programs,alternative certificate programs and on-line teacher education programs. The first three types are education programs for undergraduate and graduate students. The fourth one refers to further education programs for those non-education majors who also choose to become teachers,while the fifth one is an innovative integration of both teacher education and on-line education programs. All these five types of teacher preparation programs have their merits and demerits.