日韩个人信息保护制度的比较与分析

A Comparative Analysis of Systems for Protecting Personal Information in Japan and Korea

[目的/意义]以与我国地缘接近、文化背景相似的日本和韩国为调查对象国,通过其《个人信息保护法》比较分析两国制度管理模式的异同。期望能对我国顶层构建较为完善的个人信息保护制度提供可参考的方向及建议。[方法/过程]通过运用比较管理学中的综合式比较方式——模式比较法,考察日、韩在保障相对信息公开及新闻自由的前提下,如何保护和利用个人信息资源。[结果/结论]与日韩相比,我国目前的相关制度仅仅提供了有限的、间接的保护,远未达到有效保护的程度;个人信息保护的现状不容乐观;应借鉴日韩政策选择及形成过程的经验、教训,并结合我国的基本国情,尽快建立较为完善的个人信息保护制度体系。

[ Purpose/Significance] Sharing a similar geographical and cultural background with China, Japan and Korea-China＇s two neighbors-are taken as the research object in this research. This paper is intended to offer some suggestions for China＇s top-level design of an effective personal information protection system based on a comparative analysis of the management policies and modes of Japan and Korea, focusing on the laws of personal information protection. [ Method/Process] It primarily uses an integrated method in comparative management - the mode of comparison, and examines how Japan and Korea protect and use personal information resources under the premise of guaranteeing relative information disclosure and press freedom. [ Results/Conclusion ] Compared with Japan and Korea, China ＂s current relevant system provides only limited and indirect proration, which is far from the effective protection; the status of personal information protection is not optimistic; therefore it is necessary for China to learn from Japan and Korea about their policy options and development process, and combine them with the basic national conditions in China, to set up a better system of personal information protection as soon as possible.